Pain and the risk of injury

Pain alters motor control and capacity, which in turn can increase the risk of injury. Even when the pain is gone. This is seen in many literature articles, listed below, with supporting literature on the effects of pain and motor control also added. 

Next article, why playing and training on with pain may not matter if you a) don't care about pain and it's effect on movement control and strength/power, b) don't care how much resources the management of these problems drain, BUT why it matters if you want trophy success.

MacDonald, D., G.L. Moseley, and P.W. Hodges, Why do some patients keep hurting their back? Evidence of ongoing back muscle dysfunction during remission from recurrent back pain. Pain, 2009. 142(3): p. 183-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19186001 



Clark, N., Voight, M., Campbell, A., Pierce, S., Sells, P., Cook, R., Henley, C., Schiller, L. . (2017). The relationship  between segmental  rolling ability and lumbar multifidus activation time. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 12(6), 921-930. 
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Tucker, K.J. and P.W. Hodges, Motoneurone recruitment is altered with pain induced in non-muscular tissue. Pain, 2009. 141(1-2): p. 151-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19095357  


Tucker, K., et al., Similar alteration of motor unit recruitment strategies during the anticipation and experience of pain. Pain, 2012. 153(3): p. 636-43. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22209423  


Shadmehr, A., Z. Jafarian, and S. Talebian, Changes in recruitment of pelvic stabilizer muscles in people with and without sacroiliac joint pain during the active straight-leg-raise test. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 2012. 25(1): p. 27-32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22398264  




Renkawitz, T., D. Boluki, and J. Grifka, The association of low back pain, neuromuscular imbalance, and trunk extension strength in athletes. Spine J, 2006. 6(6): p. 673-83. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17088198  


Radebold, A., et al., Impaired postural control of the lumbar spine is associated with delayed muscle response times in patients with chronic idiopathic low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2001. 26(7): p. 724-30. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11295888  


Park, J. and J.T. Hopkins, Induced anterior knee pain immediately reduces involuntary and voluntary quadriceps activation. Clin J Sport Med, 2013. 23(1): p. 19-24. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23103783  


Bank, P.J., et al., Motor consequences of experimentally induced limb pain: a systematic review. Eur J Pain, 2013. 17(2): p. 145-57. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22718534  


Bley, A.S., et al., Propulsion phase of the single leg triple hop test in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a biomechanical study. PLoS One, 2014. 9(5): p. e97606. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24830289  


Cholewicki, J., et al., Neuromuscular function in athletes following recovery from a recent acute low back injury. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 2002. 32(11): p. 568-75. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12449256  


Cholewicki, J., et al., Delayed trunk muscle reflex responses increase the risk of low back injuries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005. 30(23): p. 2614-20. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16319747  


de la Motte, S., B.L. Arnold, and S.E. Ross, Trunk-rotation differences at maximal reach of the star excursion balance test in participants with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train, 2015. 50(4): p. 358-65. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25531142  


Deschamps, T., et al., Influence of experimental pain on the perception of action capabilities and performance of a maximal single-leg hop. J Pain, 2014. 15(3): p. 271 e1-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24275316  


Elsig, S., et al., Sensorimotor tests, such as movement control and laterality judgment accuracy, in persons with recurrent neck pain and controls. A case-control study. Man Ther, 2014. 19(6): p. 555-61. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24957711 


Graven-Nielsen, T., et al., Stimulus-response functions in areas with experimentally induced referred muscle pain--a psychophysical study. Brain Res, 1997. 744(1): p. 121-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030420  


Graven-Nielsen, T., et al., Inhibition of maximal voluntary contraction force by experimental muscle pain: a centrally mediated mechanism. Muscle Nerve, 2002. 26(5): p. 708-12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12402294  


Graven-Nielsen, T., P. Svensson, and L. Arendt-Nielsen, Effects of experimental muscle pain on muscle activity and co-ordination during static and dynamic motor function. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol, 1997. 105(2): p. 156-64. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9152211  


Greene, H.S., et al., A history of low back injury is a risk factor for recurrent back injuries in varsity athletes. Am J Sports Med, 2001. 29(6): p. 795-800. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11734495  


Henriksen, M., et al., Experimental quadriceps muscle pain impairs knee joint control during walking. J Appl Physiol (1985), 2007. 103(1): p. 132-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17412791  


Henriksen, M., et al., Adaptations in the gait pattern with experimental hamstring pain. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 2011. 21(5): p. 746-53. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21824788  


Hodges, P.W. and G.L. Moseley, Pain and motor control of the lumbopelvic region: effect and possible mechanisms. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 2003. 13(4): p. 361-70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12832166  


Hodges, P.W., et al., Experimental muscle pain changes feedforward postural responses of the trunk muscles. Exp Brain Res, 2003. 151(2): p. 262-71. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12783146  


Janssens, L., et al., Greater diaphragm fatigability in individuals with recurrent low back pain. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 2013. 188(2): p. 119-23. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23727158  



Moseley, G.L., et al., The threat of predictable and unpredictable pain: differential effects on central nervous system processing? Aust J Physiother, 2003. 49(4): p. 263-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14632625  


Palmieri-Smith, R.M., et al., Pain and effusion and quadriceps activation and strength. J Athl Train, 2013. 48(2): p. 186-91. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23672382
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